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REVIEW
Ιncidence, pathogenesis and management of thromboembolic complications in severe COVID-19
1
Internist – Intensivist
Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital ATTIKON
2
Professor Critical Care Medicine
Department of Critical Care Medicine
University Hospital ATTIKON
Publication date: 2021-08-30
Corresponding author
Maria Panagiota Almyroudi
Emergency Medicine University Hospital ATTIKON 1 Rimini str, 12462 Athens, Greece
Emergency Medicine University Hospital ATTIKON 1 Rimini str, 12462 Athens, Greece
Pneumon 2020;33(4):1-5
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Arterial and venous thromboembolic events are frequent complications of severe COVID 19 with an estimated incidence approximately
30%. High levels of D-dimers and fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT)
prolongation and mild thrombocytopenia compose the hypercoagulable profile of COVID 19 patients, while positive antiphospholipid
antibodies have also been reported. The hyperinflammatory state
in combination with the endothelial damage by the virus and the
diffuse microvascular thrombosis contribute to the pathogenesis.
Vigilance should be maintained for the early diagnosis of thrombotic
complications. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has been
shown to reduce mortality in high risk patients, while the administration of higher dose of anticoagulants (intermediate, therapeutic)
in order to prevent thromboembolic disease is further investigated.
ABBREVIATIONS
APTT: Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time,
ACE2: Αngiotensin-converting enzyme 2,
DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis,
DIC: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation,
IL-6: Interleukin -6,
LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin,
PT: Prothrombin Time,
VTE: Venous Thromboembolism
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
None.
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